"Bussola Morta" (Dead Compass)

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|nome= Nome in uso nel Rinascimento, soprattutto in area veneta.
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Name used in Renaissance times, especially in the Veneto region.
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|descrizione= Strumento per riportare in disegno i dati di un rilevamento topografico. Questa denominazione si riscontra solo nel trattato di Vincenzo Scamozzi (''L’idea della architettura universale'', Venezia 1615, Parte I, Lib. I, Cap. XV, p. 51: "L’aspiratione H rappresenta la Bossola morta da metter in disegno i Siti") e dalle indicazioni sembrerebbe trattarsi di un cerchio goniometrico, con divisioni uguali a quelle della [[bussola topografica]], munito di riga e squadra mobile. Serviva a trasferire sul foglio da disegno i dati di un rilevamento topografico, ossia gli angoli di posizione e le distanze dalla stazione di rilevamento. L'aggettivo "morta" deriva dal fatto che lo strumento era privo di [[bussola]], ossia di ago calamitato. Di conseguenza, la bussola con ago calamitato, ossia la [[bussola topografica]], era chiamata [[bussola viva]].
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Instrument for transferring the data acquired in a survey to a drawing. This name is found only in the treatise by Vincenzo Scamozzi (''L’idea della architettura universale'', Venice 1615, Part I, Book I, Chap. XV, p. 51: "The letter H represents the ''Bossola morta'', to put the Sites on a drawing") and from the indications it would seem to be a goniometric circle, carrying the same divisions as those of the [[Surveying Compass | surveying compass]], and equipped with a ruler and an altazimuth square. It was used to transfer surveying data, i.e., position angles and distances from the surveying station, onto a sheet of drawing paper. The instrument was called "morta" (dead) because it had no magnetized needle. The compass with magnetized needle, or [[Surveying Compass | surveying compass]], was thus called [["Bussola viva" (Alive Compass) |"bussola viva" (alive compass)]].  
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|immagini= <gallery widths=230 heights=368 perrow=3>
|immagini= <gallery widths=230 heights=368 perrow=3>
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Image: 3153_2021_0968-061.jpg | Firenze, Galleria degli Uffizi, corridoio di Levante, decorazione delle volte, campata 30.
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Image: 3153_2021_0968-061.jpg | Florence, Galleria degli Uffizi, East Corridor, ceiling decoration, bay 30.
   
   

Current revision as of 10:18, 12 November 2009

Name used in Renaissance times, especially in the Veneto region.


Description

Instrument for transferring the data acquired in a survey to a drawing. This name is found only in the treatise by Vincenzo Scamozzi (L’idea della architettura universale, Venice 1615, Part I, Book I, Chap. XV, p. 51: "The letter H represents the Bossola morta, to put the Sites on a drawing") and from the indications it would seem to be a goniometric circle, carrying the same divisions as those of the surveying compass, and equipped with a ruler and an altazimuth square. It was used to transfer surveying data, i.e., position angles and distances from the surveying station, onto a sheet of drawing paper. The instrument was called "morta" (dead) because it had no magnetized needle. The compass with magnetized needle, or surveying compass, was thus called "bussola viva" (alive compass).

Bibliographical Resources

Scamozzi, Vincenzo. L’idea della architettura universale, Venezia 1615, Parte I, Lib. I, Cap. XV, p. 51.


Images

Florence, Galleria degli Uffizi, East Corridor, ceiling decoration, bay 30.

Author of the entry: Filippo Camerota

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