Florentine Archimeter

From Inventions

Name adopted by Ostilio Ricci and widely used by sixteenth-century Florentine topographers. The instrument differs however, but only in shape, from the archimeter of Giovanni Battista Aleotti.

Instrument described by Ostilio Ricci (1590) but probably already in use among Florentine military architects. Its prototype may be seen in the "Gran Regola" (Great-Rule) of Ptolemy, from the Medicean instrument collection (A. Santucci, 1593, fol. 45v). Although resembling Leonardo’s folding square, its features are typical of more recent measurement instruments. The archimetro is shaped like a folding square with graduated arms, but has a compass inserted in the joint and a third cross-arm, as in astronomical staffs. In addition to measuring inaccessible quantities, the archimetro was used for surveying territories, allowing topographical maps to be compiled immediately, as with the distantiometer, the holometer and the gnomon. The same name had been used some years earlier by Giovanni Battista Aleotti, known as Argenta, for a surveying instrument of his invention (see archimeter).

Bibliographical Resources

Ricci, Ostilio. L'uso dell'archimetro di Ostilio Ricci da Fermo mathematico del s. g. duca di Toscana (1590). Firenze, Biblioteca Riccardiana, ms. 2899.

Ricci, Ostilio. Problemi di geometria pratica. L'uso dell'archimetro, 1590. Firenze, Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale, II-57.

Santucci, Antonio. Trattato di diversi istrumenti matematici che si conservano al presente nella Guardaroba del Gran Duca di Toschana presi in disegno in questo libbro, con le loro operazioni come in misurare le lunghezze, largezze, altezze overo profondita, così delle cose terrene come celesti, similmente in levar le piante delle provincie o di qual si voglia cosa con ogni particolarità che giustamente stien ne luoghi loro (1593). Firenze, Biblioteca Marucelliana, ms. C 82, c. 45v.

Vinci, Federico. Ostilio Ricci da Fermo maestro di Galileo Galilei". Fermo, Tip. S. Properzi, 1929.